How can H. pylori be biochemically characterized?
Answer: Catalase positive, oxidase positive, and urease positive. Urease, an important pathogenic factor, produces ammonia and bicarbonate that neutralizes gastric acids.
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Bacteriology
- How is Y. pestis typically transmitted?
- What diseases does Y. pestis cause?
- Describe the morphology of Yersinia pestis:
- Which zoonotic organisms are facultative intracellular organisms?
- Name the five medically important zoonotic gram-negative rods:
- A 70-year-old man with diabetes presents with severe left ear pain and discharge. On physical examination, there is granulation tissue seen in the ear canal.
- A 10-year-old girl with cystic fibrosis presents with 2 days of high fever and a cough productive of purulent green sputum. On chest x-ray (CXR) there is a left upper lobe (LUL) infiltrate. What is the most likely pathogen contributing to her symptoms? Appropriate treatment?
- Which bacterium, which has reservoirs in water sources, causes hot tub folliculitis, characterized by pruritic or tender follicular lesions following bathing in a hot tub, whirlpool, or public swimming pool.
- A young child presents with a 2-week history of mild upper respiratory symptoms and a severe paroxysmal cough, followed by high-pitched inspiratory whoop. A complete blood count (CBC) reveals marked lymphocytosis. What is the likely diagnosis and causative organism?
- An older man with a significant history of smoking and alcohol consumption presents with a fever, nonproductive cough, and shortness of breath. Several of his coworkers have had similar symptoms over the preceding months, and his workplace is investigating whether the air conditioner may be a source of infection. He also uses a humidifier in his home. What is the likely diagnosis and organism? How is the organism visualized?
- What population is especially susceptible to K. pneumoniae and what is the characteristic appearance of the sputum?
- Describe the appearance of K. pneumoniae colonies and whatgives them this appearance?
- Klebsiella pneumoniae causes what diseases?
- Describe the biochemical characteristics of Klebsiella pneumoniae.
- What are the signs and symptoms of Pontiac fever and how does it differ from Legionnaires' disease?
- What are the treatment options for Legionnaires' disease?
- What stain is required to visualize L. pneumophila?
- What have been the major sources for Legionnaires' disease?
- How is Legionnaires' disease diagnosed?
- Where is L. pneumophila found within infected patients? Why?
- What are the risk factors for Legionnaires' disease?
- How does Legionnaires' disease present?
- What diseases does Legionella pneumophila cause?
- What is the treatment of P. aeruginosa?
- What characteristics of P. aeruginosa allow it aggressively invade tissues?
If the answers is incorrect or not given, you can answer the above question in the comment box. If the answers is incorrect or not given, you can answer the above question in the comment box.